PREVENTION
If you have a history
of stone formation in a blood relation or have had a stone
earlier take the following measures to diminish the chances of stone
formation
- Adequate fluid intake,
ensuring 2 litres of urine daily
- Treat urinary infection
- Decrease dietary
calcium; restrict intake to less than 600 mg by decreasing intake of
milk products
- Reduce calcium
absorption. Sodium cellulose phosphate, 5 g three times a day with
meals, binds intestinal calcium and prevents calcium absorption
- Restrict protein intake
to 60 to 70 g daily
- Urinary bladder stone is
reduced by increasing phosphate excretion with pumpkin seeds, 60 mg
per kg of bodyweight
BEWARE
If you are a person with
calcium oxalate stone and can't resist the temptation to eat an occasional
strawberry or tomato, then you should drink additional water for the next
day or two.
Study
It is claimed that
milk and cheese if taken with food rich in oxalates, lead to the
precipitation of non absorbable calcium oxalate in the intestines |
KIDNEY
STONES (Urolithiasis)
Renal stone
consists of mucopoly saccharides, urates, calcium oxalate, calcium
phosphate and calcium carbonate. Urate and oxalate stones are most
common. Cystine stones are very rare
DIETETIC MANAGEMENT
The fundamental principle
in the treatment of kidney stone is to supply adequate fluids like
water, coconut, barley water, sharbat, aerated water, fruit juice, in
order to ensure the passage of 2000 ml of urine per day
It is advisable to
restrict foods that are rich in calcium, oxalates and uric acid.
FOODS RICH IN CALCIUM,
PHOSPHATE, OXALATES AND PURINES
| Calcium |
Phosphates |
Oxalates |
Uric
Acid |
Leafy
vegetables
Beans
Cauliflower
Egg yolk
Figs
Milk and milk products such as cheese, yoghurt and milk fat (butter
and ghee need not be restricted)
Potatoes
Molasses
Sesame seeds
Ragi |
Whole
cereals
Legumes Nuts and oil seeds
Meat
Fish
Eggs
Milk |
Leafy
vegetables (Spinach)
Beetroots
Strawberries
Tomato
Tea
Rhubarb
Groundnuts (Peanuts) Custard apple
Cocoa
Chocolates
Chickoo
Cashew nuts
Beef |
Fish
, Herring Fish roe Salmon Sardine Kidney Liver Meat extracts Soups
Sweet bread Brain |
SAMPLE DIET (VEG) PLAN
FOR PATIENT WITH KIDNEY STONE
| Meal |
Menu |
Amount |
| Morning |
Coffee or milk with
sugar |
1 cup |
| Breakfast |
White bread |
4 slices |
|
Butter |
2 teaspoons |
|
Jam |
2 teaspoons |
|
Cheese |
2 slices |
|
Fruits |
1 orange |
|
Coffee |
1 cup |
| Mid Morning |
Butter milk |
1 glass |
| Lunch |
Cooked rice, or
bread or chapatti (from refined wheat flour) |
1 serving |
|
Pulse soup |
1 bowl |
|
Cooked vegetables |
|
|
Fruits |
1 |
|
Butter milk |
1 glass |
| Evening |
Biscuits |
2 |
|
Fruit juice |
1 glass |
| Dinner |
Similar to lunch |
|
Don't forget to drink
4 glasses of water in between meals daily
|
DO
YOU KNOW?
Factors that make up
your kidney stone
Climate In warm
climates, the urine volume is low and the urine is highly concentrated
with urates, oxalates and calcium salts
Occupation Individuals
who have to work in the direct sun and who perspire a lot may
generally pass concentrated urine
Infection of the
urinary tract may be one of the contributory causes
Dietary habits Persons
consuming habitually foods rich in oxalates, calcium, purines and
phosphates, e.g.
- whole cereal flours (rich in phosphates)
- Leafy vegetables (rich in calcium and oxalates)
- Milk (rich in calcium and phosphates)
- Tea (rich in oxalates)
- Meat (rich in purine and phosphate)
may be predisposed to the formation of renal calculi.
Hereditary
Defective metabolism of uric acid and oxalates may be of hereditary
origin
TREATMENT
Principles of treatment
Liberal fluid intake;
Ingestion of large amount of fluid in the form of beverages such as
tender coconut, barley water, fruit juices and other soft drinks will
help the patient to excrete over 2 litres of urine per day. A dilute
urine prevents concentration of solids and the precipitation of
crystals of urate and oxalates
Modification of the diet
to prevent calculus formation
|
