Kidney Diseases

5) End Stage Renal Disease
End-stage kidney disease is the complete or almost complete failure of the kidneys to function. The main function of the kidneys is to remove wastes and excess water from the body.




End-stage kidney disease (ESRD) occurs when the kidneys are no longer able to function at a level needed for day-to-day life. It usually occurs when chronic kidney disease has worsened to the point at which kidney function is less than 10% of normal.

ESRD almost always follows Chronic kidney disease. A person may have gradual worsening of kidney function for 10 - 20 years or more before progressing to ESRD. Patients who have reached this stage need dialysis or a kidney transplant. The most common causes of ESRD are diabetes and high blood pressure.

Nutritional Support in End-Stage Renal Disease
Dialysis or kidney transplantation is the only treatment for ESRD. Patient may need to make some important changes in the diet.
 

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*A low-protein diet is recommended.

*Enough calories are required if the patient is losing weight.

*Intake of fluids has to be limited.

*Intake of salt, potassium, phosphorous, and other electrolytes also needs to be limited.

*Other treatments may include: Extra calcium and vitamin D (as per the Doctor’s advise)

*Treatment for anemia, such as extra iron in the diet, iron pills, etc.

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