to shun Constipation
Complication of
constipation Neglected
constipation results in the passage of hard stool. Straining during
evacuation may lead to fissures, piles, prolapse of rectum or inguinal
hernia. It is dangerous for a patient with heart disease to strain during
defecation.
Treatment
The
aim of treatment should be
Develop regularity of
habits of evacuation
Follow a regular meal
pattern
Consume a high fiber
diet
Ensure an adequate
intake of fluids
Increase exercise and
activity
Beware!
The use of mineral oils
(liquid paraffin and castor oil) should be discouraged as they interfere
seriously with the absorption of fat soluble vitamins i.e.. vitamin A and K
Foods
to Avoid
- Refined flour
- Fried foods
- Washed Pulses
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Shun
Constipation
Constipate = Press
together
Constipation is
characterized by infrequent, incomplete evacuation of hard dried stool. It
is the most common physiological disorder of the intestine
Normal Bowel Habit
For most individuals one stool a day is
necessary for good health and a feeling of well being. Some may evacuate
twice a day while a few, despite being in perfect health, may move every
second or third day.
Bowel movement depends on
the autonomic nervous system and the type of diet. A vegetarian diet will
increase roughage content producing bulkier stools. An individual who doesn't
take adequate roughage and liquids may complain of constipation
Types of
Constipation There are three types of constipation
Atonic Constipation
Spastic Constipation (
Results from excessive tone of colonic muscles )
Obstructive Constipation
( Is due to cancer or stricture of colon )
Diet Management for
constipation Patients
Calories and Proteins These
are advised as per usual requirements . Fats stimulate the flow of bile
and also lubricate the bowel. Butter, ghee and cooking oil are beneficial
for lean patients. Fried foods should be avoided
Carbohydrates Adequate
bulk can be supplied, in the form of high fiber foods like whole
cereals, green leafy vegetables, other fibrous vegetables which are rich
in unabsorbable cellulose. In lean people banana and dried fruits like
prunes, figs, raisins, dates and apricots provide fibers and are useful
adjuncts. Vitamins
of B group, preferably as brewers yeast, help some patients to regulate
the bowel functions. If
the roughage provided by green vegetables and whole fresh fruits do not
relieve constipation, extra wheat bran can be added to chapattis or
bread to produce bulk. Minerals
Acutely ill or
bedridden, semi-starved patients require potassium in the form of
vegetable soup, fruit juice, or oral potassium salts to prevent
constipation. Fluid
Patients are also
advised to drink plenty of fluids as it helps to soften the stools. A
liberal amount of fluids is advised, an intake of 8 to 10 glasses of
water is desirable. Warm water or tea taken early in the morning on an
empty stomach may help to evacuate the bowel, and helps to ease
constipation. In
cases of chronic constipation, inert laxatives like Isabgol and agar agar
may be helpful, because in the presence of water they swell up and
increase faecal volume.
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Do You
Know?
Causes of constipation:
Atonic Constipation is
most commonly due to the following factors
Lack of fluids
Lack of roughage -
Faulty food habits include irregular hours of meals taking inadequate
bulk, fasting and avoiding foods containing unabsorbable cellulose in
the form of vegetable fiber. This leaves little residue for
evacuation.
Irregular bowel habits
may be due to getting up late in the morning and rushing through the
morning rituals with very little time for a visit to the toilet before
going to the office or school.
Purgation or Enema - The
constant use of artificial aids for evacuating the bowels result in
the loss of natural reflexes and tone of the bowel.
Lack of Potassium either
due to poor intake or due to loss with purgation can cause
constipation
All
fruits and vegetables with skin are rich in fiber like peas, beans,
lotus stem, cabbage, cauliflower, apple, cherries, pears, peaches, plums
and guavas.
Whole pulses (e.g. Rajma, chole, Mung), Whole wheat flour, Brown rice and millets
are also rich in fiber.
Prunes
and Prune juice are
beneficial for constipation patients because they stimulate intestinal
motility. The active laxative principle in them is dihydrophenylisatin.
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